Mon. May 25th, 2026
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One of the most frequently asked questions (FAQ) about dear our country by those in the diaspora is on insecurity. My general answer has always been that the state of our insecurity is not as bad as what it is being orchestrated to be. While it is a vague answer, deliberately so, it is not far from the truth. My experience is that many, especially those who don’t intend to come to the country soon, take the answer at face value and move on.

But those who are planning a trip, often need more assurances. I then tell them if they are coming to the South-West or the Federal Capital and are not thinking of extensive road travels, then they should be fine. It is sad that one has to say this about one’s country. It is sad that one needs this kind of caveat. It is sad that one needs prayers and a large dose of luck to make a trip to certain parts of the country. In fact, many parts of the country.

A while ago, I got a very lucrative media job. But it entailed going to some areas in Rivers State that I was not very comfortable with. Sensing my discomfiture, and the fact that I was highly recommended for the assignment, my prospective client upped the ante. In addition to increasing my fees, they offered accommodation in Port Harcourt and indeed every place I was scheduled to visit with armed escorts for the duration of the assignment. Ordinarily, it was a job I would have jumped at given my inquisitive nature since it was an opportunity to experience parts of Nigeria I had not seen before and might never see. 

The state of insecurity in the country is worrisome, not just to us Nigerians, but apparently to the rest of the world as well. After all, what touches the eyes will most likely touch the nose, as the saying goes because we are all stakeholders. The recent searchlight by the US has exposed many dark corners. It has, for example, exposed the depth of persecutions against Christians in the north, the blinkers different levels of government are wearing to downplay this development and the negligence of the regular media in reporting this ugly blight on our nationhood. It is also systematically exposing some of the masquerades and their dark agenda.

This US involvement in our affairs has inevitably led to some actions. Successes have been achieved militarily in places. Sponsors and defenders of terrorism are becoming more and more uncomfortable. But a lot still has to be done and it seems to me that as we take one step forward, we take two steps backward in the fight against terrorism. I know that there are no easy answers to something with so many dimensions and which we have allowed to fester for so long. Kinetic and non-kinetic solutions have been bandied so often that commentators assume we all know what they mean. I suppose, as a layman, that they simply mean military actions alone won’t solve the problem. If so, I agree completely. To extinguish a fire, one has to address its source.

Insecurity in the country is fueled largely in the north by hardline religious movements and a desperate struggle for turf. In the south by separatist movements and resource control. Overriding all these is a serious lack of job and financial opportunities for people in a country which worships wealth. To starve insecurity of oxygen therefore, efforts must ultimately be made to find gainful employment for our teeming youths. Idle hands they say, are the devil’s workshop. It starts with having children we can comfortably feed so efforts must be made to control our surging population.

Children are said to be a gift from God. But the same children can be a curse if they are not cared for. We are not caring for ours. The Almajiri system should be addressed and reformed where necessary. Its products are fast becoming foot soldiers and reservoirs for terrorists because their lack of education makes them very vulnerable to various forms of indoctrination. It is in this light that clerics should mind what they preach so they don’t push these youths to religious extremism. Teaching youths how to live peaceably in a plural environment is important. They should also be taught basic survival skills so they don’t become a burden to themselves and the nation.

Another fuel for our insecurity is the greed of our leaders. A lot of the banditry occurs around mineral sites. They are caused by are poorly paid puppets who are dancing to their puppeteers in the cities. These are Leaders whose nefarious businesses need chaos and banditry to thrive. Iron clad discipline has to be placed around our mining industry if we want to stem this dimension of insecurity. That, which is caused by separatist movements and resource control can be addressed through inclusivity and fairness in governance. Finally, and the one most difficult to control, is religion. It is true that religion is the opium of the masses; especially if those masses are poor and uneducated as they often are. 

Nothing divides a people more fundamentally than a religious card. Nothing more destructive than a religious war. Leaders who should know these things and who should know the value of religious harmony, are unfortunately, the ones weaponizing religion. It is telling that some of the most insecure areas in the country are the Sharia States. Which goes to show that religion is not the panacea for peace and wellbeing. It might in fact, be an obstacle to peace. Besides, Nigeria was a secular State the last time I checked. In other words, religion is supposed to be a purely private affair in Nigeria.

But rather than the State actors disentangling themselves from religion, they are the ones weaving religious web tighter around the people. Religion pops its head everywhere now. Even in a religiously accommodating zone like the South-west. Some political, and mischievous clerics seem determined to turn brothers against brothers in Yorubaland. It is also with trepidation that I read Nigeria was introducing an element of Islamic financial system into the national financial system. It is ill advised whatever the seeming advantages are. Given the religious sentiments at the moment, and the fact that we have a Muslim President, this will be misconstrued by some Christians and taken advantage of by certain politicians. The outcome is unlikely to ease religious tension which might not bode the nation well.

The lack of insincerity among our leaders as well as the notion of ‘we against them’ have been hindrances to intelligence gathering. And to building trust. All these are crucial to our winning the war on insecurity.    
The post One step forward, two steps backward? By Muyiwa Adetiba appeared first on Time.i.ng.

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From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5 The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Article .From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5: The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Report on the Shifting Landscape of Substance Abuse in Nigeria Nigeria faces a severe and evolving drug crisis, particularly among its youth. What began with the widespread abuse of Tramadol has progressed through mixtures like “Canadian” to newer pharmaceutical diversions such as Exol-5. This shift reflects deeper issues: easy access to prescription drugs, weak regulation, socioeconomic pressures, and aggressive street-level marketing. NDLEA operations and health studies reveal a public health emergency that threatens an entire generation. Phase 1: The Tramadol Epidemic (2010s–Early 2020s) Tramadol, a synthetic opioid prescribed for moderate to severe pain, became Nigeria’s most notorious street drug. Cheap, potent, and widely smuggled (often from India and other Asian countries), it offered users energy, euphoria, and pain relief — appealing to commercial drivers, laborers, students, and young men seeking confidence or stamina. Scale of the Problem: Millions of tablets seized annually by NDLEA. High prevalence among young males aged 15–35. Linked to increased crime, sexual violence, organ damage (kidney failure, seizures), and mental health breakdowns. Contributed to broader opioid misuse alongside codeine cough syrups. Government responses included tighter import controls and public awareness campaigns, but these only displaced demand to other substances rather than eliminating it. Phase 2: The Rise of “Canadian” (Mid-2020s) “Canadian” or “Canadian Loud” emerged as a popular code for high-grade cannabis (often indica-dominant strains) or cannabis mixed with other synthetics. It gained traction as users sought alternatives or combinations to Tramadol’s effects. This phase marked a move toward imported or locally cultivated premium weed, sometimes laced with stronger chemicals. Youths in urban centers like Lagos, Kano, Jos, and Onitsha embraced it for its perceived “cleaner” high compared to opioids. However, it fueled polydrug use — combining cannabis with opioids, sedatives, or alcohol — amplifying health risks. Phase 3: Exol-5 – The Current Threat (2024–2026) Exol-5 (Benzhexol Hydrochloride / Trihexyphenidyl 5mg), originally a prescription medication for Parkinson’s disease and drug-induced movement disorders, has become the latest pharmaceutical being heavily abused. Why Exol-5? Euphoric Effects: Users report intense euphoria, hallucinations, and a sense of detachment — making it attractive as a cheap “upper” or escape. Accessibility: Sold over-the-counter or on the black market despite being a controlled prescription drug. NDLEA has seized millions of pills in single operations (e.g., 3.1 million pills in Kano in late 2024, and over 5.6 million combined with Tramadol in other busts). Street Names: Exol, Artane, Benzhexol, “Farin Mallam” (in Northern Nigeria). Demographics: Prevalent among youths, laborers, and even psychiatric patients who divert prescriptions. Studies show abuse rates as high as 25% among certain outpatient groups. Health Consequences: Anticholinergic toxicity: Confusion, dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, and in high doses — delirium, psychosis, seizures, and heart issues. Long-term: Cognitive impairment, addiction, exacerbated mental health disorders. Often mixed with Tramadol, codeine, or cannabis, creating dangerous synergies. In cities like Jos, Exol-5 sits alongside diazepam, Rohypnol, and Tramadol on street markets, easily available to teenagers and young adults. Why This Evolution Continues Supply-Side Failures: Porous borders, corrupt officials, and overproduction of pharmaceuticals enable diversion. Demand Drivers: Unemployment, poverty, peer pressure, trauma, and the pursuit of performance enhancement (e.g., for “hustle” culture). Weak Regulation: Many pharmacies sell restricted drugs without prescriptions. Online and street vendors fill gaps. Displacement Effect: Cracking down on one substance (Tramadol/codeine) pushes users and dealers toward the next available option. NDLEA reports ongoing large seizures, but the problem persists due to high profitability and low risk for mid-level distributors. Broader Impacts on Nigerian Youths Education: Increased dropout rates and poor academic performance. Mental Health: Rising cases of psychosis and depression. Economy: Lost productivity among the working-age population. Crime and Violence: Drug-fueled robberies, cultism, and family breakdowns. Public Health System Strain: Overburdened hospitals treating overdoses and chronic complications. Young people aged 15–39 remain the hardest hit, with national surveys showing drug use prevalence significantly above global averages. What Must Be Done Stronger Enforcement: Consistent prosecution of corrupt enablers and large-scale traffickers. Regulation: Crackdown on rogue pharmacies and better tracking of prescription drugs. Prevention & Rehabilitation: School programs, community outreach, and expanded treatment centers (currently woefully inadequate). Economic Alternatives: Address root causes like youth unemployment. Public Awareness: Honest campaigns highlighting real dangers of “Exol-5” and similar drugs. Conclusion From Tramadol’s opioid grip to “Canadian” cannabis culture and now Exol-5’s anticholinergic highs, Nigeria’s drug crisis is mutating faster than responses can contain it. Exol-5 represents the dangerous new frontier — a legitimate medicine turned youth destroyer due to misuse and greed. Without urgent, multi-layered intervention — combining supply disruption, demand reduction, and socioeconomic support — an entire generation risks being lost to addiction. The time for half-measures is over. Nigeria’s future depends on winning this fight.